Practical advanced analysis software for nonlinear inelastic. Stiffness changes of the structures due to modeling p. Rayleigh damping is a numerical feature in which a damping matrix c is composed by adding a portion of the mass matrix m and a portion of the stiffness matrix k. Solution manual for dynamics of structures, 4e, chopra. If there is time to do it properly later there should be time to do it properly from the start. Ce 160 sap 2000 notes for 2d problems sap 2000 main. This is a minitutorial prepared for the structural analysis of a sample beam. Dynamic equilibrium is then computed as the sum of stiffness. The csi analysis reference manual has been updated for this topic. Sap2000 seismic analysis civil engineering community.
Pdf finite element steadystate vibration analysis considering. Solution manual download only for dynamics of structures. If the element contains more than one material in abaqusstandard, the volume average value of is used to multiply the elements mass matrix to define the damping contribution from this term. Both the sap2000 and gtstrudl ctg models consist of 624 eightnode solid. The factor introduces damping forces caused by the absolute velocities of the model and so simulates the idea of the model moving through a viscous ether a permeating, still fluid, so that any motion of any point in the model causes damping. Modeling of lead rubber bearings via 3d basis, sap2000, and. Evaluation of equivalent damping ratio of a structure with. And you can also search for youtube videos relating to it.
Mass damping systems, for example, tmds, should be designed for a long life in accordance with the design life of the building it is being considered for. Modeling of lead rubber bearings via 3d basis, sap2000. Efficient nonlinear dynamic analysis methods like the incremental dynamic analysis ida, especially the one which is based on modal pushover analysis mpa, which has proved especially popular among researchers, are required for analyzing the. Sap2000 has been enhanced for compatibility with csixcad, a new plugin from computers and structures, inc. This over damping that initiates when the gap opens is the reason that it takes so long for analysis to reach. As stated in the sap2000 analysis reference manual, for steadystate and. Seismic energy dissipation study of linear fluid viscous. Applied sciences free fulltext finite element steadystate. Where, m is the mass matrix 33, c is the damping matrix 33and k is the restoring stiffness 33. About this manual this manual describes the basic and most commonly used modeling and analysis features offered by the sap2000 structural analysis program. Sap2000 is a finite element program that performs two. Therefore, the diagonal terms of the modal damping are defined by. Csi analysis reference manual for sap2000, etabs, safe and csibridge, berkeley, california, usa. When should we use modal analysis in time history method of.
Pdf nonlinear time history analysis of large concrete. Jun 22, 2014 however, the question fielded concerns modal damping. Extending the modal incremental dynamic analysis method for. Pdf integrated finite elements analysis and design of. Feb 01, 2004 the purpose of this study is to propose a new method for evaluating the equivalent damping ratio of a structure with supplemental damping devices to assess the vibration control effect quantitatively. Manual for sap2000, etabs, safe and csibridge, berkeley. The modalenergyformed lyapunov function is defined first, and the riccati matrix and damping rate parameter are derived. Sap2000 follows in the same tradition featuring a very sophisticated, intuitive and versatile user interface powered by an unmatched analysis engine and design tools for engineers working on transportation, industrial, public works, sports, and other facilities. The design of such systems should be performed so that they will be in continuous motion during the. Working with building models that were analyzed and designed in sap2000, csixcad can automatically create plans, elevations. Show that if the units of all terms in c are nmms, the units of.
This damping factor defines mass proportional damping, in the sense that it gives a damping contribution proportional to the mass matrix for an element. Pdf csi analysis reference manual ana castillo academia. Antony wood, in damping technologies for tall buildings, 2019. Since, unlike sap2000, it is not possible to output the mass matrix and nodal masses of the structure in etabs, the reason for the difference in mass matrices cannot be identified. Additional information on each of these damping types may be found in the csi analysis reference manual chapter vi. Pdf csi anal y sis reference manual for sap2000, etabs. It is strongly recommended that you read this manual and work the tutorial before attempting a real project using sap2000.
Csi analysis and reference manual for sap2000, etabs and safe 2. Mar 30, 2014 as explained in the csi analysis reference manual viscous proportional damping, page 79, the damping matrix for element j is computed as. Ce 160 sap 2000 notes for 2d problems sap 2000 main screen. There is one model plaxis 2d connect edition v20 reference. A small amount of stiffness proportional damping is recommended to control higher modes. Pdf sap2000 integrated finite elements analysis and. Damping faq technical knowledge base computers and.
Stiffness changes of the structures due to modeling pdelta. Sap2000 tutorial manual 11 tutorial 2 2d frame with response spectrum loading descriptionthis tutorial is a continuation of tutorial 1. Extending the modal incremental dynamic analysis method. From the define menu choose section properties and then frame sections click add new propertyand choose concrete as the frame section property type note that the sap 2000 default section fsec1 is a steel section. By comparison with other methods with the same feature, the new method has the advantage that it does not require the measurement of a complete row of the frequency response function frf matrix. It is expressed in terms of the natural frequency and the amount of damping of the system.
Demonstration of dynamic lateraltorsional coupling in building structures ucla pxt, pyt, p. There are many ways to compute a classical damping matrix from mass and stiffness matrices csi refer sap2000 ebook download as pdf file. Sap2000 tutorial manual 11 tutorial 2 2d frame with response spectrum loading descriptionthis tutorial is a. Pdf nonlinear time history analysis of large concrete dam. Mar 01, 2011 the mass and stiffnessproportional damping factors are chosen based on the first two modes of the structure so that the equivalent viscous damping ratio is equal to 5%. For verification purposes, the results obtained by the present software are compared with those generated by commercial structural software. Here, c m and c k are the mass and stiffnessproportional damping coefficients, m j is the mass matrix, and k j is the initial stiffness matrix. The assumption made is that the damping matrix of the 2dof structure is. Tuned mass damper tmd modeling in sap2000 v22 youtube. Pdf the vibration response of equipment foundation structures is. Vukazich ce 160 sap 2000 lab 1 notes sap2000v12 l6 7 define frame sections change to kip, in, f units in the lower right corner of the main view window. Working with building models that were analyzed and designed in sap2000, csixcad can automatically create plans, elevations, schedules, and 3d bim models.
Stiffnessproportional viscous damping set to initial stiffness or tangent stiff ness. Csi analysis reference manual documentation computers. In many lightlydamped structures, however, the damping may be approximately modeled by a matrix that is proportional to mass and sti. Csi analysis reference manual documentation computers and.
Damping of stiff elements with inelastic softening. Structural software for analysis and design sap2000. The assumption made is that the damping matrix of the 2dof structure is diagonal and thus an. Sap2000 is the latest and most powerful version of the wellknown sap series of structural analysis programs.
Demonstration of lateraltorsional coupling in building. Csi anal y sis reference manual for sap2000, etabs, and safe. It considers a massproportional and a stiffnessproportional damping in order to achive the real damping lets say 5%. Pdf parametric study on equivalent damping ratio of. This tutorial provides the basic steps of performing a. Viscoelastic ve dampers can be efficiently used for improving the seismic behavior of structures and also retrofitting of existing structures. Understanding structures with fawad najam 411 views 34. The third part of this volume, the sap2000 introductory tutorial manual, is intended to provide firsttime users with handson experience using the modeling, analysis and design features of sap2000. Equation 1 expresses the equilibrium between the systems inertial forces 1, damping forces 2, elastic restoring forces 3, and the external dynamic forces 4. As stated in the sap2000 analysis reference manual, csi 2009 for steadystate. This damping factor defines mass proportional damping, in the sense that it gives a damping contribution proportional to the mass matrix for an. A searchable and comprehensive reference manual which covers the general technical topics fundamental to modeling, analysis, and design using sap2000, csibridge, etabs, and safe.
Modal damping is in addition to any proportional damping that may be specified for the directintegration load case. When should we use modal analysis in time history method. Nonlinear time history analysis of large concrete dam considering nearfield earthquake effect overall damping matrix for the entire system 4. This over damping that initiates when the gap opens is the reason that it takes so long for analysis to reach its final value in case nlmhist2 for model b. Practical advanced analysis software for nonlinear. Jul 18, 2020 modal damping and rayleigh damping models etabs demonstration on damping in dynamic analysis duration. To identify the dimensionless parameters governing the coupled lateraltorsional response of the system, equation 2 can be rewritten as note that ey px p. Vukazich ce 160 sap 2000 lab 1 notes sap2000v12 l6 4 ce 160 sap 2000 lab problem i use sap 2000 to analyze the concrete beam subjected to dead load and live load below. Tutorial sap 2000 pdf download download d77fe87ee0 tutorial sap 2000 bag. Pdf parametric study on equivalent damping ratio of different. The frequencyindependent soil stiffness and damping are formulated by the.
The sap name has been synonymous with stateoftheart analytical methods since its introduction over 30 years ago. As stated in the sap2000 analysis reference manual, for steadystate and powerspectraldensity cases, the hysteretic damping matrix is calculated as a linear combination of the stiffness matrix, scaled by coefficient d k, and the mass matrix, scaled by coefficient d m. It is strongly recommended that you read this manual and work the tutorial before attempting a. Download and read sap2000 tutorial manual sap2000 tutorial manual we may not be able to make you love reading, but sap2000 tutorial manual will lead you to love. The hysteretic element is used to model the nonlinear isolation system elements.
Enhancements implemented ticket description 3470 the sap2000 api can now be used to start andor connect to a running instance of sap2000 on a remote computer that is running the new api service for distributed computing. This matrix is restricted to the shape of the stiffness matrix, meaning that modal damping does not couple elements that are. You have to model link element providing length, mass, time period, damping, etc. Damping technical knowledge base computers and structures. Sap2000 verification examples 6005, 6006, and 6007 examples which incorporate dampers and associated behaviors. Sap2000 integrated finite elements analysis and design of structures tutorial manual computers and structures, inc.
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